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Delirium – What is it and How to Avoid it?

Delirium is a neurological disorder characterized by a sudden change in consciousness, concentration, and our perception of the surrounding world. Although it is a temporary condition, it often proves distressing for both the affected individual and their loved ones. What are the causes, symptoms, and treatment methods for delirium? Here’s a quick overview.

Causes of Delirium

Various factors can trigger delirium:

  1. Infections: Such as pneumonia and meningitis.
  2. Metabolic disorders: Like low blood sugar, vitamin deficiencies.
  3. Poisoning: Misuse of alcohol, drugs, medications.
  4. Neurological disorders: Such as head injuries, strokes.
  5. Chronic diseases: Kidney failure, liver diseases.

Symptoms of Delirium

Among the symptoms of delirium are:

  • Loss of concentration ability.
  • Changes in the level of consciousness (ranging from drowsiness to excessive arousal).
  • Hallucinations, often visual.
  • Anxiety and agitation.
  • Disorientation in time and place.
  • Variability in symptoms throughout the day.

How to Deal with Delirium?

  1. Medical Assessment: In case of suspected delirium, an immediate medical evaluation is necessary. Treatment depends on the cause of the condition.
  2. Support from Loved Ones: Individuals with delirium often feel fear and confusion. It’s important for relatives to remain calm and communicate in a gentle and understanding manner.
  3. Avoiding Triggers: Once the cause of delirium is identified, it’s important to avoid it in the future (like taking medications in the correct dose).

How to Prevent Delirium

It might not always be possible to prevent delirium, but there are steps that can help reduce risks:

  1. Avoid misusing alcohol and drugs.
  2. Regular medical check-ups, especially in the case of chronic diseases.
  3. Informing the doctor about all the medications being taken.
  4. Taking care of overall health: Healthy diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep.

Conclusion

Delirium is a serious medical condition that requires immediate intervention. It’s crucial to recognize its symptoms and know how to deal with them. Prevention and education are key to safeguarding against this troubling event.

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